Karakteristik Sistem B,G/PAL dan M/NTSC Pada TV

Basic Characteristics

Basic characteristics of video and synchronizing signals

Characteristics	B,G/PAL	M/NTSC
Number of lines per picture (frame)	625	525
Field frequency, nominal value (fields/s)	50	59.94
Line frequency fH	15625±0.0001%	15734.264±0.0003%
Assumed gamma of display device	2.8	2.2
Nominal video bandwidth (MHz)	5	4.2

Line Synchronizing Signal

Nominal and peak levels of the composite video signal (%)
Durations measured between half-amplitude points on the approriate edges

Symbol	Characteristics	B,G/PAL	M/NTSC
1	Blanking level	0	0
2	Peak white-level	100	100
3	Synchronizing level	-43	-40
4	Difference between black and blanking levels	0	7.5±2.5
5	Peak-to-peak value of burst	43±5	40±4
7	Peak level including chrominance signal	133	120

Details of line synchronizing signals
Build-up times measured between 10% to 90% of the pulse edges

Symbol	Characteristics	B,G/PAL	M/NTSC
H	Nominal line period (µs)	64	63.5555
a	Line-blanking interval (µs)	12±0.3	10.9±0.2
b	Interval between time datum (0H) and back edge of line-blanking pulse (µs)	10.5	9.2 to 10.3
c	Front porch (µs)	1.5±0.3	1.27 to 2.22
d	Synchronizing pulse (µs)	4.7±0.2	4.7±0.1
e	Build-up time of the line blanking pulse (µs)	0.3±0.1	<0.48
f	Build-up time of the line synchronizing pulse (µs)	0.2±0.1	<0.25
g	Start of sub-carrier burst (µs)	5.6±0.1	5.3 (4.71 to 5.71)
h	Duration of sub-carrier burst (µs)	2.25±0.23 (10±1 cycles)	2.23 to 3.11(9±1 cycles)

Field Synchronization of PAL System

Details of B,G/PAL field synchronizing signals
Durations measured between half-amplitude points on the approriate edges
Build-up times measured between 10% to 90% of the pulse edges

Symbol	Characteristics	Value
v	Field Period (ms)	20
j	Field-blanking interval	25 H + a
j'	Build-up time of the edges of field-blanking pulse (µs)	0.3±0.1
k	Interval between front edge of field-blanking interval and front edge of first equalizing pulse (µs)	3±2
l	Duration of first sequence of equalizing pulses	2.5 H
m	Duration of sequence of synchronizing pulses	2.5 H
n	Duration of second sequence of equalizing pulses	2.5 H
p	Duration of equalizing pulses (µs)	2.35±0.1
q	Duration of field-synchronizing pulses (µs)	27.3
r	Interval between field-synchronizing pulses (µs)	4.7±0.2
s	Build-up time of synchronizing and equalizing pulses (µs)	0.2±0.1

Field Synchronization of NTSC System

Details of M/NTSC field synchronizing signals
Durations measured between half-amplitude points on the approriate edges
Build-up times measured between 10% to 90% of the pulse edges

Symbol	Characteristics	Value
v	Field Period (ms)	16.6833
j	Field-blanking interval	(19 to 21) H + a
j'	Build-up time of the edges of field-blanking pulse (µs)	<6.35
k	Interval between front edge of field-blanking interval and front edge of first equalizing pulse (µs)	1.5±0.1
l	Duration of first sequence of equalizing pulses	3 H
m	Duration of sequence of synchronizing pulses	3 H
n	Duration of second sequence of equalizing pulses	3 H
p	Duration of equalizing pulses (µs)	2.3±0.1
q	Duration of field-synchronizing pulses (µs)	27.1
r	Interval between field-synchronizing pulses (µs)	4.7±0.1
s	Build-up time of synchronizing and equalizing pulses (µs)	<0.25

Radiated Signal

Characteristics of the radiated signal
Levels in this table are % of peak carrier.

Characteristics	B,G/PAL	M/NTSC
Nominal RF channel bandwidth (MHz)	B:7 G:8	6
Sound carrier relative to vision carrier (MHz)	+5.5±0.001	+4.5
Nearest edge of channel relative to vision carrier (MHz)	-1.25	-1.25
Nominal width of main sideband (MHz)	5	4.2
Nominal width of vestigial sideband (MHz)	0.75	0.75
Type and polarity of vision modulations	C3F neg.	C3F neg.
Synchronizing level (%)	100	100
Blanking level (%)	75±2.5	72.5 to 77.5
Difference between black level and blanking level (%)	0 to 2	2.88 to 6.75
Peak white level (%)	10 to 15	10 to 15
Type of sound modulation	F3E	F3E
Frequency deviation (kHz)	±50	±25
Pre-emphasis for modulation (µs)	50	75